Thursday 20 February 2020

Plastic bottles and mud are now part of building materials.....See how

  In our world today plastic bottles are commonly seen everywhere because they are cheap, convenient, and lightweight in nature, but once the liquid (beverages or water) inside has been consumed, the bottle is typically tossed around and finally end up in the trash. The world's landfills are now flooded with mountains of plastic bottles.

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    The type of bottles that are used in this type of construction is called PET (polyethylene terephthalate) bottles. This is the type of bottle that is considered safe to contain beverages for human consumption.The PET bottles used in the construction of house are plastic discarded bottles which are picked up off the streets, collected from rubbish dumps and probably bought some which are stored for the bottle mud house construction,about 7,000 to 8,000 PET bottles are required for the construction but sometimes depends on how big the construction will look-like ,then solid mud are packed inside the bottles which are well compacted together and fully loaded.

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   However, these bottles are however laid on top of each other in the order in other to ascertain the shape they needed like square or circular shape and finally bounded with bonding materials (mud and string).The developers claim the buildings can withstand earthquakes and bullets, (having a second thought on the earthquake though), and cost about a third of what it would cost to build a block and mortar structure.

Building the walls

Bind the bottles together with string

  Human ecologist have decided to address this as a problem by repurposing plastic bottles as part of a construction material. Today, from research plastic bottles have been used to build not only houses, but also gardens,garden sheds and shield walls for refugees. Perhaps you can use PET bottles for any construction project you can think of as a building material.

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Third world countries are starting to see the benefits. Plastic bottle houses in hot climates makes cool dwellings that are solid, windproof, waterproof, and also bulletproof, which is Eco-friendly. Recently i saw a video of BBC news on YouTube about a house in Northern Nigeria built with discarded PET bottles in 2011, which is capable for sustainable weather. The methodology is known as bottle brick technology and is a very cheap and easy method for building Eco friendly homes. The use of plastic bottles helps to lower the cost of the building and reduce the plastic waste that ends up in our water bodies as a pollution, thus helping to keep a clean environment.

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NECESSARY MATERIALS FOR THE PET BOTTLE BRICK TECHNOLOGY

1. PET Bottles (approximately 8,000 plastic bottles)

2. Mud / Sand (For bonding, mixing and filling)

3. Cement (Depends on the climate, you may need little)

4. Damp Proof Membrane D.P.M (For dampness if needed )

5. String / Line (You will need a long length)

6. Team / Helper (lots of people that are willing to help in hand filling up the bottles)

ADVANTAGES

1. It is easy to get and very in cost

2. It does not brittle like bricks

3. It is Eco friendly

4. Bio climatic in nature

5.Less constructional materials is required

6. Absorbs abrupt shock load (they can take heavy loads without failure)

7. Easy to construct

8. Re-usable

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Image result for plastic house construction


Top 10 most expensive Stadium in Africa and their Worth

Football is arguably the most popular sport in the world. This is the reason why most countries opted to invest in the construction of world class stadium. The fact that Africa lags behind in terms of sport infrastructure, only few countries in Africa with better sport facilities and infrastructure can compete with European sport infrastructures, countries like South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, Tunisia and Angola. However, the 2010 World Cup was held in Africa because of the zeal Africans has for sport and improvement in their sport facilities which are modern technology and top notch stadium they has, The World Cup was hosted by South Africa which makes it first time in the history of Africa.

Most of these stadiums in Africa are not only designed for football only but also some are designed as a multipurpose use like Rugby, Cricket and athletics games. the below ranking also shows the cost each stadium, the capacity and some unique feature they has;


10. ESTADIO NACIONAL DE OMBAKA

Cost : $100 million

Country : Angola

Capacity : 35,000

The Estadio De Nacional De Ombaka, also called Ombaka National Stadium which is a multi use stadium in Benguela, Angola. The stadium was completed in the year 2010, which also hosted some football events of African Cup Of Nations that same year (2010). Ombaka National Stadium is mostly used for football matches than any other sport in the country. The Stadium is designed to accommodate a total of 35,000 people at a time.

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The approach view of the stadium

The side view of the stadium

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The pitch view


9. STADE OLYMPIQUE DE RADES

Cost : $110 million

Country : Tunisia

Capacity: 60,000

The Stadium is located in Rades, Tunisia. The stadium design is a masterpiece on it own which its a multipurpose. Rades Stadium is one of the best multipurpose Stadium in Africa. However, it is mostly used football matches and athletes games, This ecstatic Stadium was constructed and commissioned in 2001 as one the stadiums to be used for Mediterranean Games in 2001 and was later renovated in 2005. the Stadium has a huge capacity of about 60,000 and it is the home stadium for the Tunisia National Team.

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The approach View

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The overview of the Stadium

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The pitch View


8. MBOMBELA STADIUM

Cost : $140 million

Country : South Africa

Capacity: 40,929

Mbombela Stadium was recently built to cater for the demand of 2010 FIFA World Cup hosted by South Africa. In many ways, it's a stadium that totally meets the required international standards, it is the centerpiece of a proposed wider sports precinct with athletics and cricket as well as other sporting codes. This 40,929-seater stadium cost a total of $140 million and is so far the smallest stadium ever constructed for World Cup.The stadium is built through taxpayer's funding.

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The overview of the Stadium

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Night View

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The Pitch and seat view


7. PETER MOKABA STADIUM

Cost : $150 million

Country : South Africa

Capacity: 41,733

The Peter Mokaba Stadium, is located in Polokwane, South Africa and was named after Peter Mokaba who was the former leader of Africa Congress Youth League. Mokaba Stadium is a football and a Rugby Union Stadium that has a total capacity of 41,733 and was part of the Stadium used for the World Cup. Besides, it is located few kilometers from the Old Peter Mokaba Stadium. This amazing stadium cost a total of $150 million for its construction which is usually used for intensely for training and matches.

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The overview of the stadium

The approach view

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The Pitch view


6. ESTADIO 11 DE NOVEMBRO

Cost : $227 million

Country : Angola

Capacity: 48,500

The Estadio 11 De Novembro, was named after the date of Angola's independence which is marked every 11th of November, is located in Belas municipality in Luanda, Angola. It is a multi purpose Stadium that was designed by Urbinvest, Arup Sport, and Sua Kay Architects while construction was carried out by the Shanghai Urban Corporation Group. The 50,000 capacity stadium was completed in 2010 ahead of the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations which hosted nine matches during the tournament including the quarter finals and the Final match.

The approach view

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The seat and the Pitch view

The aerial View of the stadium


5.NELSON MANDELA BAY

Cost : $270 million

Country : South Africa

Capacity: 48,459

The Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium is another great Stadium in South Africa and Africa at large, which is located in Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa. This is a first time a World class football Stadium has been built in the Eastern Cape Province. Nelson Mandela Stadium was commissioned in 2010 in preparation for the World Cup and it is designed by a South African Company with a cost of $270 million. The masterpiece about the Stadium is the way it is positioned overlooking a lake which actually makes So unique and outstanding when viewed from the Lake. The Stadium Capacity is 48,459 and was named after Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality which was also named in honor of Late Nelson Mandela.

The approach view

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The aerial view

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The seat and Pitch View


4. ABUJA NATIONAL STADIUM

Cost : $360 million

Country : Nigeria

Capacity: 60,491

The Abuja National Stadium is located in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria. It is regarded as the largest Stadium in the Country, the Ultral-modern sports Complex was approved by the Federal Government on July 18, 2000 with a total cost of $360 million ahead of the 8th All Africa Games in 2003. It is among the World's 50 most Expensive Stadiums and is the home for the Nigerian National Football team.

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The overview of the stadium

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The seat and the Pitch View

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The approach View


3. FIRST NATIONAL BANK FNB STADIUM (SOCCER CITY STADIUM)

Cost : $440 million

Country : South Africa

Capacity: 94,736

The First National Bank Stadium FNB , popularly known as Soccer City or the Calabash (Due to it's resemblance to the African pot), is located in Nasrec, South Africa. The Stadium construction Cost a totaled huge amount of $440 million and a Capacity of 94,736 which makes it the Largest Stadium in Africa. It was the Site of Nelson Mandela's first speech when he was released from the prison in 1990 and also the venue for his final public appearance in 2010 World Cup Final match between Netherlands and Spain in South Africa.

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The approach view

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The seat and Pitch view

The overview of the stadium


2.MOSES MABHIDA STADIUM

Cost : $450 million

Country : South Africa

Capacity: 54,000

This Ever Classic Stadium is located in Durban, South Africa with a Capacity of 54,000. The Stadium is designed for Multi Purpose use at a total cost of $450 million which was the one that hosted most of the 2010 FIFA World Cup matches. It is named after Moses Mabhida who is the former Secretary General of the South Africa Communist Party. The Stadium was opened to the public in 2009 and has a modern Sporting and a trans-modal transport facility.

The approach View

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The seat and Pitch View

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The aerial view


1.CAPE TOWN STADIUM

Cost : $600 million

Country : South Africa

Capacity: 55,000

This amazing Stadium is built in Cape Town, South Africa at a huge Construction Cost of $600 million which makes it the most Expensive Stadiums in South Africa and Africa at large. It is Most times referred to as "Green Point Stadium" because it was built on the same spot where Green Point Stadium was previously built. Cape Town Stadium was constructed by an indigenous company in South Africa, Murray & Roberts Construction Company and was officially opened in 2009 ahead of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

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The approach View

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The Pitch view

The aerial View

Monday 21 October 2019

THE BIGGEST UNIVERSITY LIBRARY IN WESTERN AFRICA (KWASU LIBRARY)

The Kwara State University Malete, known as KWASU is ranked as the Biggest university Library in Western part of Africa for it's incredible Structure with an undeniable Aesthetical outlook and Landscape. The Library is a two structure design with interconnected walkways and Greens for it's beautiful.
Kwasu  Commissioned it's Library on July 6th, 2019 which has been on construction since 2017 and as a remarkable history; kwasu Library becomes the largest Library in West Africa. The prestigious Library was named after President Buhari  as " President Muhammadu Buhari main Library"
The Kwara State University, Malete (KWASU) is doing her very best to be noted as a world-class University; standing in it abode today is edifice building (KWASU Library) of which is said to be an N3billion project carried out by Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) currently sitting at the main campus.

     The university with a promise to set high standards, good morals and academic excellence for its students and better create a conducive learning environment fit enough to compete with other universities across the nation and abroad is claimed to have one of the biggest libraries in West Africa.
 Being the largest library in West Africa, it boasts of capacity for over 50,000 volumes and seating for over 2,000 persons. There are high-quality tools such as laptop computers, interactive displays, tablets to aid students learning capabilities.

On clear evidence, the design style and finishes of the Library has shown the commitment of the university ‘s administration to crown Kwara State University (KWASU) as a World-Class University and a center of attraction.
By rationalism, Kwasu must have met some unique features before it could be adjudged as the most suitable emplacement for the library project being the north-central of Nigeria.
  Furthermore, the Vice-chancellor commended Mr. Raja the architect, who carved out the Library’s design since 2009 upon the establishment of the prestigious organization.TETFUND has given their words and support will continue efficiently owing to the fact that it meets more to their expectation to be crowned as the largest West Africa Library.

The main Library Entrance


The Aerial view of the Library and university

THE TALLEST BUILDING IN NIGERIA

The tallest building in Nigeria is known as NITEL BUILDING which is Situated at 15 Marina, Victoria Island, Lagos, this gigantic structure towering into the sky is the NITEL building. The structure was finished in 1979 and has 32 floors. The communication spire hanging on the roof of the building also serves as a lighthouse beacon for Lagos Harbor. Originally, the tower was built to serve as the headquarters of The Nigerian External Communications (NECOM) but was later bought over by Nigerian Telecommunications Limited (NITEL). This is not just the tallest building in Nigeria, but in all of West Africa.